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3 December 21, 2020
Articles
1. Luan Nguyen Thanh
Law on Control of Marine Environmental Pollution in Vietnam Today: Assessment of Content and Proposing Solution to Further Complete the Law
Journal of Advocacy, Research and Education. 2020. 7(3): 3-9.
Number of views: 417 Download in PDF
2. Oleksandr V. IvaninaJournal of Advocacy, Research and Education. 2020. 7(3): 3-9.
Abstract:
This study focuses on analyzing the content of the current law on controlling marine pollution in Vietnam. These regulations are mainly under the Law on Environmental Protection 2014; Law on Natural Resources and Environment of Sea and Islands 2015 and documents guiding to implement these two laws. In general, the law on control of marine environmental pollution consists of two groups of provisions: a group of regulations on prevention of marine environmental pollution and a group of provisions on overcoming marine environmental pollution. The practice of implementing these regulations is still inadequate, thus leading to serious environmental pollution in Vietnam. In order to control the pollution of Vietnam's marine environment, it is necessary to amend and supplement the provisions of the law on control of marine environmental pollution and implement measures to improve the efficiency of law enforcement in this field.
This study focuses on analyzing the content of the current law on controlling marine pollution in Vietnam. These regulations are mainly under the Law on Environmental Protection 2014; Law on Natural Resources and Environment of Sea and Islands 2015 and documents guiding to implement these two laws. In general, the law on control of marine environmental pollution consists of two groups of provisions: a group of regulations on prevention of marine environmental pollution and a group of provisions on overcoming marine environmental pollution. The practice of implementing these regulations is still inadequate, thus leading to serious environmental pollution in Vietnam. In order to control the pollution of Vietnam's marine environment, it is necessary to amend and supplement the provisions of the law on control of marine environmental pollution and implement measures to improve the efficiency of law enforcement in this field.
Number of views: 417 Download in PDF
Formation of the Policy of Involvement by Local Government Bodies in Territorial Communities of Ukraine
Journal of Advocacy, Research and Education. 2020. 7(3): 10-18.
Number of views: 410 Download in PDF
3. Janet Lasisa Suuk, Fred Nimoh, John Bakang, Robert Aidoo, Enoch Kwame Tham-AgyekumJournal of Advocacy, Research and Education. 2020. 7(3): 10-18.
Abstract:
Despite the sufficient support for public involvement in decision-making on community development, citizens' direct participation remains relatively low. And the attraction actions taken by individuals or even civil society organizations cannot be considered adequate for them to influence the management process and reflect the consolidated point of view and aspirations of the whole community. Besides, the practice of introducing the participation tools in Ukraine gives grounds to speak about the risks of participation manipulation by officials of local councils or authorities. In the previous publications, the author identified the difference between the concepts of "participation" and "involvement" and described the risks and impediments to public participation at the level of local communities in Ukraine. The author established that a relatively significant number of participation forms and mechanisms do not have a statutory "representation quota" designed to recognize the position expressed as a "consolidated public opinion." This fact provides government and local government officials with ample space for participation manipulation as a social phenomenon. Those mentioned above and some other factors, in one way or another, impact the process of shaping the involvement policy by local political elites, its quality, and effectiveness. The article aims to define the concept of "involvement policy" at the territorial community level, outline the prerequisites for its formation, and determine the factors of its success. The study identified the concept of "involvement policy" and found several aspects of its successful construction and implementation. Moreover, the author outlined the difference between "involvement policy" and "participation policy," whose study and description are a promising direction in further research and investigations.
Despite the sufficient support for public involvement in decision-making on community development, citizens' direct participation remains relatively low. And the attraction actions taken by individuals or even civil society organizations cannot be considered adequate for them to influence the management process and reflect the consolidated point of view and aspirations of the whole community. Besides, the practice of introducing the participation tools in Ukraine gives grounds to speak about the risks of participation manipulation by officials of local councils or authorities. In the previous publications, the author identified the difference between the concepts of "participation" and "involvement" and described the risks and impediments to public participation at the level of local communities in Ukraine. The author established that a relatively significant number of participation forms and mechanisms do not have a statutory "representation quota" designed to recognize the position expressed as a "consolidated public opinion." This fact provides government and local government officials with ample space for participation manipulation as a social phenomenon. Those mentioned above and some other factors, in one way or another, impact the process of shaping the involvement policy by local political elites, its quality, and effectiveness. The article aims to define the concept of "involvement policy" at the territorial community level, outline the prerequisites for its formation, and determine the factors of its success. The study identified the concept of "involvement policy" and found several aspects of its successful construction and implementation. Moreover, the author outlined the difference between "involvement policy" and "participation policy," whose study and description are a promising direction in further research and investigations.
Number of views: 410 Download in PDF
Domestic Water Sources in Northern Region, Ghana
Journal of Advocacy, Research and Education. 2020. 7(3): 19-29.
Number of views: 415 Download in PDF
4. Journal of Advocacy, Research and Education. 2020. 7(3): 19-29.
Abstract:
The study was designed to assess households’ perception of the use of different water sources in Northern Ghana. The mixed-method approach was used for the study. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, the study collected cross-sectional data from 356 households in the Region for the study. Descriptive statistics and computation of perception index were used to analysed data for the study. The study revealed that households in the study area use water from both improved (boreholes and taps) and unimproved (rivers, well, and rain collection) sources for various domestic purposes such as cooking, drinking, livestock watering, and cleaning. Improved water was perceived as safe and thus used for drinking and cooking. The study revealed that 35 %, 24 %, 28 %, and 13 % use wells, boreholes, taps, and rivers, respectively. About 47 % of households use unimproved water sources as their main source of water. The study recommends that government and non-governmental organizations should provide adequate improved water for use at all times.
The study was designed to assess households’ perception of the use of different water sources in Northern Ghana. The mixed-method approach was used for the study. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, the study collected cross-sectional data from 356 households in the Region for the study. Descriptive statistics and computation of perception index were used to analysed data for the study. The study revealed that households in the study area use water from both improved (boreholes and taps) and unimproved (rivers, well, and rain collection) sources for various domestic purposes such as cooking, drinking, livestock watering, and cleaning. Improved water was perceived as safe and thus used for drinking and cooking. The study revealed that 35 %, 24 %, 28 %, and 13 % use wells, boreholes, taps, and rivers, respectively. About 47 % of households use unimproved water sources as their main source of water. The study recommends that government and non-governmental organizations should provide adequate improved water for use at all times.
Number of views: 415 Download in PDF
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